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Stateful Pipes
There are two categories of pipes:
- Stateless pipes are pure functions that flow input data through without remembering anything or causing detectable side-effects. Most pipes are stateless. The
CurrencyPipewe used and the length pipe we created are examples of a stateless pipe. - Stateful pipes are those which can manage the state of the data they transform. A pipe that creates an HTTP request, stores the response and displays the output, is a stateful pipe. Stateful Pipes should be used cautiously.
Angular provides
AsyncPipe, which is stateful.AsyncPipe
AsyncPipe can receive a
Promise or Observable as input and subscribe to the input automatically, eventually returning the emitted value(s). It is stateful because the pipe maintains a subscription to the input and its returned values depend on that subscription.Implementing Stateful Pipes
Pipes are stateless by default. We must declare a pipe to be stateful by setting the pure property of the
@Pipe decorator to false. This setting tells Angular’s change detection system to check the output of this pipe each cycle, whether its input has changed or not.1
// naive implementation assumes small number increments
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@Pipe({
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name: 'animateNumber',
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pure: false
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})
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export class AnimateNumberPipe implements PipeTransform {
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private currentNumber: number = null; // intermediary number
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private targetNumber: number = null;
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​
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transform(targetNumber: number): string {
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if (targetNumber !== this.targetNumber) {
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this.currentNumber = this.targetNumber || targetNumber;
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this.targetNumber = targetNumber;
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​
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const difference = this.targetNumber - this.currentNumber
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​
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Observable.interval(100)
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.pipe(take(difference))
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.subscribe(() => {
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this.currentNumber++;
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})
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}
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​
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return this.currentNumber;
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}
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}
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